Valve seat insertsA broad range of materials with properties adapted to the specific application is available for valve seat inserts produced using casting or powder metal processes. Engines subject to high load with turbocharging, direct injection, or the especially critical gas-fuelled operation are also covered. The cast materials are particularly suitable for commercial vehicle applications on account of their superior mechanical properties at high temperatures.
The modular production principle in power metallurgy also provides a range of materials, which extend from low-alloy types to highly wear-resistant variants with inter-metallic phases and solid lubricants. An important element is represented by copper filtration, which has a positive effect on the wear resistance, machinability, and thermal conductivity.